Algunos términos, cuyo significado no se suelen saber
Con frecuencia empleamos o leemos palabras cuya etimología u origen, desconocemos, y nos quedamos tan tranquilos. Pero, a veces, te encuentras con la respuesta sin pretenderlo. Es el caso que me ocupa, sobre distinciones o tratamientos que se dan a ciertas personas, y en concreto, dentro de la iglesia. ¿Por qué Papa, Sumo Pontífice, Cardenal, Obispo, Presbítero, Sacerdote, Cura…? ¿De dónde proceden esos títulos que se usan con tanta frecuencia en el argot eclesiástico? Veámoslo.
Hace poco he leído la respuesta de algunos de esos nombres, y me parece interesante, o al menos curioso, darles mayor publicidad, para quien pueda tener algún interés. El saber no ocupa lugar, solo requiere un poco de tiempo.
Empecemos por la palabra ”Papa”, atribuido al cabeza de la Iglesia universal. “Hay quien piensa que estas cuatro letras vienen del latín:”Petri Apostoli Potestatem Accipiens” (el que recibe la potestad del apóstol Pedro). Otros piensan que viene de de las palabras latina “pater patrum” (padre de los padres), o “pater et pastor” (padre y pastor). Sea lo que sea, ue a partir de comienzos del segundo milenio, con Gregorio VII (1073-10859, cuando quedó reservado al sucesor de San Pedro.
Otro nombre que recibe el papa, es el de “Pontífice”. Etimológicamente significa “hacer de puente”, porque su labor es la de tender un puente entre Dios y los hombres.
Veamos otras de las lindeza arcaicas que usa la Iglesia:
Cardenal: Son los que eligen al Papa. El término proviene de la palabra latina “cardo” (que significa “bisagra”), porque en torno a ellos gira el edificio de la Iglesia, y forman parte de la jerarquía.
Obispo: proviene del griego. Significa “vigilante”, y su cometido es vigilar y cuidar a los fieles a su cargo.
Presbítero: En griego significa “anciano”, y así fueron llamados los que dirigían las comunidades cristianas. En la estructura de la Iglesia, los presbíteros colaboran con el obispo en el pastoreo de la diócesis. El término más corriente para llamar a los presbíteros es el de “cura”, porque tienen la “cura de almas”, y ejercen su pastoral, generalmente, en las parroquias. También se llaman “sacerdotes”.
Diácono: significa, en griego, “servidor”, que ayudan a los presbíteros, sobre todo en el ejercicio de la caridad y la administración de algunos sacramentos.
Y como se suele decir: el que quiera saber más, que vaya a Salamanca.
Félix González
Cuando se crea la variante Ajedrez del mensajero a comienzos del Siglo XIII, se introducen en el juego piezas que ya existían en otras variantes, mientras que también se incluyó una nueva pieza, el “Mensajero”, Kurier o Läufer. Éste se movía como el alfil moderno, Aproximadamente por esa época, la figura del alfil es cambiada por la de un obispo, el cual era una figura feudal que también participaba en la guerra. Por eso mismo, en otros idiomas se considera a esta pieza un obispo (en inglés bishop, en portugués bispo).
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