Los Evangelios Apócrifos, y su veracidad
Es muy posible que haya bastantes personas que no han oído nunca hablar de los “evangelios apócrifos”. Es también posible que algunos lo hayan oído, pero no sepan de qué se trata. Y no deja de ser más que probable que aún los que han oído hablar de ellos, no hayan nunca leído ninguno. Por eso, voy a tratar de dar una breve visión de dichos “evangelios”.
El término “apócrifo” fue adoptado por la Iglesia para indicar los libros cuyo autor era desconocido y que trataban temas poco claros, que no tenían solidez en su doctrina o aportaban datos contradictorios con la verdad revelada. La mayoría de ellos fueron escritos tardíamente, después del siglo II. Existen más de 64 escritos. Se les atribuyó a algunos de los apóstoles, e incluso a la misma Virgen María. Suelen estar escritos, principalmente en griego copto o siriaco.
Se les denomina, también, “extra-canónicos”, porque no fueron incluidos posteriormente en el “canon” de la Iglesia Católica, ni fueron aceptados tampoco por otras Iglesias cristianas. “Canon de la Iglesia”, significa los libros aceptados por la Iglesia, por contener tienen la mayor posibilidad de ser auténticos, y no contienen errores. La comunidad cristiana, a lo largo de los primeros siglos, fue aceptando unos, y rechazando otros, en una criba basada en la historicidad, la época en que fueron escritos, el sentido común, y ese olfato que la comunidad cristiana tuvo para detectar lo que provenía de fuentes fidedignas y los que no.
No cabe duda de que son muy interesantes, pero poco creíbles. A veces parecen cuentos infantiles, con anécdotas que no parecen propias de Jesús. Por poner un simple ejemplo, trascribiré unos párrafos que pertenecen al llamado “Evangelio de Tomás”:
“El niño Jesús, que a la sazón tenía cinco años, se encontraba un día jugando en el cauce de un arroyo después de llover. Y, recogiendo la corriente en pequeñas balsas, la volvía cristalina al instante, y la dominaba con solo su palabra. Después hizo una masa blanda de barro, y formó con ella doce pajaritos. Era día de sábado y había otros muchachos jugando con él.
Pero cierto hombre judío, viendo lo que acababa de hacer Jesús en día de fiesta, se fue corriendo hacia su padre José, y se lo contó todo:”Mira, tu hijo está en el arroyo y, tomando un poco de barro, ha hecho doce pájaros, profanando con ello el sábado”
Vino José al lugar y, al verle, le riñó diciendo: ”¿Por qué haces en sábado lo que no está permitido hacer?” Mas Jesús batió sus palmas y se dirigió a las figuritas, gritándoles:”¡Marchaos! Y los pajarillos se marcharon todos gorjeando.
Los judíos, al ver esto, se llenaron de admiración y fueron a contar a sus jefes lo que habían visto hacer a Jesús”.
No hace falta ser un experto para descubrir que se parece más a un cuentecito infantil, que a algo real en la vida de Jesús a los cinco años. Hay cosas mucho más llamativas, pero para muestras, basta un botón
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